Chemistry Tools

Molarity Calculator

Two calculators in one: molarity from amount and volume (or either of those from the other two), and dilution of a stock solution. Leave the value you want empty.

Fill in every field except the one you want — the empty field is solved for.

Molarity = 0.4 M

  1. Convert grams to moles: 5.844 g ÷ 58.440 g/mol = 0.1 mol
  2. Convert volume to litres: 250 mL ÷ 1000 = 0.25 L
  3. M = n ÷ V = 0.1 mol ÷ 0.25 L = 0.4 mol/L

How it works

Molarity mode solves M = n / V. When the amount is in grams, the solute's formula is used to find its molar mass and convert to moles first; volumes in mL are divided by 1000. Dilution mode solves C₁V₁ = C₂V₂ and also reports how much solvent to add, and it refuses inputs where the "diluted" solution would be more concentrated than the stock.

Frequently asked questions

What is molarity?
Molarity (M) is moles of solute per litre of solution. A 1 M sodium chloride solution contains 1 mol (58.44 g) of NaCl in every litre of the final solution.
How do I make a solution of a given molarity?
Multiply molarity by volume in litres to get moles, then by molar mass to get grams. For 250 mL of 0.40 M NaCl: 0.40 × 0.250 = 0.100 mol, × 58.44 = 5.84 g. Dissolve it and add water up to 250 mL total — not 250 mL of water plus the solid.
How does the dilution formula work?
Adding solvent does not change the number of moles of solute, so C₁ × V₁ (moles before) equals C₂ × V₂ (moles after). Any three values give the fourth, and the volumes just need to share a unit.
Is molarity the same as molality?
No. Molarity is moles per litre of solution; molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molality does not change with temperature, which is why it is used for boiling-point and freezing-point calculations.

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